This genus consists of around 250 species of deciduous, evergreen, or semi-evergreen subshrubs and perennials found from Alaska to Guatemala, as well as cool-temperate Asia. Some species are mat-forming, others are shrubby, but most form clumps of simple linear to lance-shaped leaves that grow in opposite pairs on the stem. the flowers appear mainly in summer, borne at the end of erect tubular to bell-shaped, with 2 upper lobes and 3 larger lower lobes. They come in blues, reds, white, and bicolors. Many cultivars have been bread, selected for their generous numbers of flowers. Native Americans used parts of several species in herbal medicines, primarily for pain relief and to control bleeding.
CULTIVATION
These marginally to very frost-hardy plants do well in fertile well-drained soil and full sun. Cut plants back hard after flowering has finished. Certain species may need protection over winter with a layer of mulch. Propagate from seed in spring or autumn, by division in spring, or from cuttings in late summer.
Top Tip
It is easy to grow Penstemon species from seed. Before planting in spring, refrigerate the seeds for 3 weeks, as they need a cold period if they are to germinate.
CULTIVATION
These marginally to very frost-hardy plants do well in fertile well-drained soil and full sun. Cut plants back hard after flowering has finished. Certain species may need protection over winter with a layer of mulch. Propagate from seed in spring or autumn, by division in spring, or from cuttings in late summer.
Top Tip
It is easy to grow Penstemon species from seed. Before planting in spring, refrigerate the seeds for 3 weeks, as they need a cold period if they are to germinate.
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